RBC Disorders — General

1.Define anemia. Classify anemias. Discuss etiopathogenesis and laboratory findings of megaloblastic anemia

2.A 45-year-old lady with menorrhagia for 5-6 months presented with fatigue and loss of appetite. Lab investigations showed Hb - 9gm% and peripheral smear showed small RBCs with enhanced central pallor

• a) What is the likely diagnosis
• b) What lab investigations would confirm your diagnosis
• c) Describe the peripheral smear findings with a labelled diagram
• d) List other causes that can lead to this condition

3.A 38-year-old pregnant woman with history of multiple, closely spaced pregnancies, develops fatigue, pallor, koilonychia, alopecia, and atrophic changes of the tongue of one-month duration

• a) What is your provisional diagnosis
• b) Describe the peripheral smear and Bone marrow finding
• c) What are the other laboratory investigations to be done for confirming the diagnosis in this patient
• d) Describe the pathogenesis and complications of this condition

1.A 50 year old farmer presented with easy fatiguability. On examination- Pallor++, Koilonychia was seen. Stool examination showed ova of ankylostoma duodenale.

• a) What is the most probable diagnosis
• b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis of this condition
• c) Enumerate the laboratory findings of the same

2.Sodium metabisulphite test is done to demonstrate what

3.A 55-year-old lady presented with progressive fatigue and tiredness for last one month. She also complained of tingling and numbness in the lower limbs. On examination she had pallor and her tongue had a glossy appearance.

• a) What is your diagnosis
• b) What is the cause for neurological symptoms in this condition
• c) What are the peripheral smear and bone marrow findings in this condition

4.An 18 years old lady presented with fatigue. Investigations: Hb5 g/dl TC 10,000 /cmm platelet count 1.8 lakh/cmm. MCV 60 fl MCH 20 pg. Answer the following:

• a) What is your morphological diagnosis.
• b) Describe the peripheral blood picture
• c) Name the conditions in which this blood picture is seen
• d) How will you differentiate the above two conditions with laboratory tests

5.A 30 years old man presented with tiredness and numbness of feet. Investigations showed Hb 6 g/dl TC 3500/c.mm. MCV 104fl . Answer the following:

• a) What is your diagnosis
• b) Describe the peripheral blood picture
• c) What are the causes of this condition

1.RBC indices

1.The drop in the amount of Hemoglobin is mostly due to

• a) Ineffective erythropiesis
• b) Acute blood loss
• c) Aplasia of the marrow
• d) Nutritional deficiency

2.The most common morphology of red blood cells seen in the peripheral smear of the above case is

• a) Microcytes
• b) Schistocytes
• c) Drepanocytes
• d) Codocytes