Kidney & Suprarenal

1.Describe the kidney under the following headings

• a) Anterior relations
• b) Coverings
• c) Microscopic structure
• d) Anatomical structures encountered in succession in surgical exposure by lumbar route

2.A patient was brought to casualty following a deep stab injury on the left side of back with complaints of passing blood in urine. Answer the following questions:

• a) Surface marking of left kidney on the back
• b) Mention its coverings
• c) Relations of left kidney
• d) Arterial supply
• e) Development

1.Right kidney- external features including its vertebral extent, coverings, relations and development

2.Describe the microanatomy of the kidney. What are the components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

3.Describe the development of kidney and its associated anomalies

1.Draw a neat labelled diagram of relations of anterior surface of right and left kidneys

2.Anterior relations of both kidneys

3.Anterior and posterior relations of right kidney

4.Posterior relations of left kidney

5.Right suprarenal gland

6.Ureter

7.Blood supply of supra renal gland

1.Posterior surface of the left kidney showing the relations

2.Anterior surface relations of right kidney

3.Name two nerves related to posterior surface of kidney

1.What forms Renal lobe of kidney

• a) A renal pyramid with the cortex overlying it
• b) Two renal pyramids with intervening renal column
• c) Two renal columns with intervening pyramid
• d) Two renal columns with the adjoining cortex

2.Which of the following muscle is not forming posterior relation of kidney

• a) Quadratus lumborum
• b) Psoas major
• c) Lattismus dorsi
• d) Transverse abdominis